Management Control Systems Essays -- Business Controlling Function

There are many different types of control that can be established in an organization depending on its goals and objectives. There are many different approaches to the management controlling function. Some of these control systems are bureaucratic control, market control and clan control. All of these control systems focuses on a different part of the business depend ending the necessities of the organization in that moment. All of the control systems have their advantages and disadvantages.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The controlling function is defined as any process that directs the activities of individuals toward the achievement of organizational goals*. The controlling function is the one that set the game rules. This function set the organizational standards rules and norms. The controlling function works hand to hand with the planning function because the controls are the ones that ensure that the plans are fulfilled. The established controls must go in coherence with the plans because the success of each will depend on the other. The control function not only control the personnel it also control things as , budget, organizational resources, machinery, materials or components, physical structure and more. The control process must set performance standards, measure performance, compare performance with the standards; and take corrective action if needed in order to be effective   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most used control systems is the bureaucratic control system. The bureaucratic control system Bureaucratic control is defined as the use of rules, regulations, and formal authority to guide performance*. The bureaucratic control system is a very rigid and formal one. This system establishes a well defined set of rules and procedures in order to achieve the organizational goals and objectives. This system is based on hierarchy were roles and authority has been well defined. This control system involves personnel close monitoring, supervision and direction of subordinates by superiors. The bureaucratic control different uses tools as budget as a control device, management audits, external audits, and internal audits.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The market control system is based on the use of pricing mechanisms and economic information to regulate activities within organizations*. This control system is based in external factors that affects an organization rather than the internal factors.   ... ...n reaction of the implementation of this system. This tactical behavior is defined as the beating the system behavior. This can be harmful to an organization because employees can start to report false information. This will have bad consequences to the organization because it will provide wrong information for the forecasting and planning of future organizational goals and objectives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Controlling can also produce a resistance to control reaction because Control systems usually uncover mistakes, threaten people’s job security and status, and decrease people’s autonomy it can also change the organizational structures and the authority chain of command. It can also disrupt the social relations of a group.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to develop a system functional system for an organization the best decision is to make a hybrid one. Not only taking the organizational objectives in consideration but also taking in consideration the employees and the external and internal factors that affects all of the organization. References Bateman-Snell: Management: The NewCompetitive Landscape,Sixth Edition chapter 16 James Higgins, The Management Challenge, Second Edition, Macmillan, 1994

Investments Worksheet Essay

Answer the following questions in at least 50 words each: What are the main differences between a 401K and a Roth IRA? One of the main differences between a 401K and an Roth IRA is that a 401k is offered by your employer, while the Roth IRA is something an individual seeks and funds on their own. With a 401K your employer contributes or matches what you are putting into your 401K. How would you explain the difference between a stock, a bond, and a mutual fund? A stock is like owning a piece of a company, you are investing your money into something that is your that can make you more money. A bond is like loaning money to a bank or the government and when they pay you back, they pay you back with interest. A mutual fund is like investing in something with a group of people. Everyone owns a piece of it and benefits from it if it grows. What are the risks and rewards of investing? For investors, risk comes in many forms. There’s the risk of a downturn in stock prices. There’s the risk that inflation will erode an asset’s purchasing power. There’s the risk of political instability affecting international markets, but without risk there is no rewards. Sometimes you have to take a higher risk to get a better reward. They say depending on age should be how much you should be willing to risk.

The Oral Hygiene Maintenance Of An Disabled Children

Preventive dentistry is still a comparatively new and least understood subject in our country as maintenance of oral hygiene is often neglected and pushed aside . When it comes to the oral hygiene maintenance of intellectually disabled children, it takes a backseat due to the more pressing need for education and medical treatment . According to WHO, Oral health means more than good teeth; it is integral to general health and essential for well-being. We use our face and teeth as a front to face the world. We speak, smile, taste, chew, express our self using our oro-facial structure. Disease of this area severely restricts our physical, psychological and social activities and thereby decreasing quality of life. The wider meaning of oral health does not diminish the relevance of two globally leading oral afflictions- dental caries and periodontal diseases. 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